Gattani and Bakal [79] investigated anti-tubercular activity for some 2,5-disubstituted oxadiazoles against H337Rv. and and bacterial; and as well as the exams demonstrated actions that have been similar to the typical medications of treatment streptomycin and griseofulvin around, respectively, [67] (Body 5). Sangshetti and co-workers [68] looked into the antifungal activity of several disubstituted oxadiazoles 109 (Body 5), each which included a triazole device at placement 5 from the oxadiazole band. The types of fungi examined had been [69] (Body 5). Various other oxadiazole substances with antibacterial activity are: 114 [70], 115 [71], 116 [72], 117 [13], 118 [73], 119 [24], 120 [74], 121 [75] and 122 [76] (Body 5). Body 5 Open up in another home window Disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles with antifungal and antibacterial activity. The chemical substance 2-(2-naphthyloxymethyl)-5-phenoxymethyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole (123) exhibitsanti-mycobacterial activity at the very least inhibitory focus of 6.25 g/mL (Figure 6) [77]. Anti-mycobacterial activity against H37RV was also researched by Kumar and co-workers [40] for some di-substituted oxadiazoles 124 formulated with the thiazole device. The derivative formulated with the Cl group exhibited positive results at the very least inhibitory focus of 4 g/mL (Body 6). Yoshida and co-workers [78] described the marketing and synthesis of anti-activity for a fresh group of cephem derivatives. Substance 125 exhibited anti (13001 and FP1757) activity at the very least inhibitory focus of 0.1 g/mL. Gattani and Bakal [79] looked into anti-tubercular activity for some 2,5-disubstituted oxadiazoles against H337Rv. Substance 126 using a MIC50 = 0.04 0.01 M was comparable with Isoniazid. Substance 127 was 7.3-fold more vigorous against H37Rv, and 10.3-fold more vigorous against INH resistant than Isoniazid (Body 6) [80]. Body 6 Open up in another home window 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles with anti-mycobacterial activity. 3.2. Anticonvulsant Activity New 3-[5-(4-substituted)-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl]-2-styrylquinazoline-4(3H)-one oxadiazoles 128 had been synthesized and examined by Kashaw and co-workers [81] (Body 7) for anticonvulsant activity. New 2-substituted-5-(2-benzylthiophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives 129 were synthesized and designed as anticonvulsant agents. The authors discovered that introduction of the amino group at placement 2 from the 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring, and a fluorine substitute at the position of the benzylthio group improves anticonvulsant activity [82], (Figure 7). Rajak and co-workers [83] synthesized and evaluated semicarbazones 130 containing the 1,3,4-oxadiazole units for anticonvulsant potential in a three model test (MES), (scPTZ) and (scSTY). Most of them showed activity in all three models, (Figure 7). We include other compounds with anticonvulsant activity: 131 [84], 132 [85], 133 [86], 134 [82], 135 [87], 136 [88], 137 [89] (Figure 7). Figure 7 Open in a separate window 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles with anticonvulsant activity. 3.3. Anti-inflammatory Activity A series of oxadiazole derivatives 138 of ibuprofen which contains the arylpiperazine unit at position 3 of the oxadiazole ring were investigated by Manjunatha and co-workers [20] for anti-inflammatory activity using paw edema induced by carrageenan as the method with sodium diclofenac as the reference. Compounds containing 4-Cl, 4-NO2, 4-F and 3-Cl groups were more active than sodium diclofenac, whereas compounds with 4-MeO and 2-EtO groups showed less activity (Figure 8). Figure 8 Open in a separate window 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles with anti-inflammatory activity. Compounds 139 were synthesized from the anti-inflammatory drug fenbufen and evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity by carrageenan induced paw edema; sodium diclofenac and fenbufen were the standards. The compounds containing 4-Cl, 4-NO2, 4-F and 4-MeO groups were equipotent to fenbufen, and the compound with a 3,4-di-MeO group was more potent than the fenbufen, and equal to sodium diclofenac [90] (Figure 8). 2-(1-adamantyl)-5-substituted-1,3,4-oxadiazole compounds 140 displayed strong dose dependent inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema with >50% inhibition at a concentration of 60 mg/kg. The compound with the 3,4-di-MeO group.All the compounds prepared inhibited protease activity at picomolar (IC50) concentrations (thus being more potent than the indinavir) (Figure 13). Johns and co-workers [115] reported antiviral activity (through inhibition VX-770 (Ivacaftor) of viral DNA integration) for new derivatives containing the 1,3,4-oxadiazole unit in combination with a ring system of 8-hydroxy-1,6-naphthyridine 169. of treatment streptomycin and griseofulvin, respectively, [67] (Figure 5). Sangshetti and co-workers [68] investigated the antifungal activity of a number of disubstituted oxadiazoles 109 (Figure 5), each of which contained a triazole unit at position 5 of the oxadiazole ring. The species of fungi tested were [69] (Figure 5). Other oxadiazole compounds with antibacterial activity are: 114 [70], 115 [71], 116 [72], 117 [13], 118 [73], 119 [24], 120 [74], 121 [75] and 122 [76] (Figure 5). Figure 5 Open in a separate window Disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles with antibacterial and antifungal activity. The compound 2-(2-naphthyloxymethyl)-5-phenoxymethyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole (123) exhibitsanti-mycobacterial activity at a minimum inhibitory concentration of 6.25 g/mL (Figure 6) [77]. Anti-mycobacterial activity against H37RV was also studied by Kumar and co-workers [40] for a series of di-substituted oxadiazoles 124 containing the thiazole unit. The derivative containing the Cl group exhibited excellent results at a minimum inhibitory concentration of 4 g/mL (Figure 6). Yoshida and co-workers [78] described the synthesis and optimization of anti-activity for a new series of cephem derivatives. Compound 125 exhibited anti (13001 and FP1757) activity at a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.1 g/mL. Bakal VX-770 (Ivacaftor) and Gattani [79] investigated anti-tubercular activity for a series of 2,5-disubstituted oxadiazoles against H337Rv. Compound 126 with a MIC50 = 0.04 0.01 M was comparable with Isoniazid. Compound 127 was 7.3-fold more active against H37Rv, and 10.3-fold more active against INH resistant than Isoniazid (Figure 6) [80]. Figure 6 Open in a separate window 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles with anti-mycobacterial activity. 3.2. Anticonvulsant Activity New 3-[5-(4-substituted)-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl]-2-styrylquinazoline-4(3H)-one oxadiazoles 128 were synthesized and evaluated by Kashaw and co-workers [81] (Figure 7) for anticonvulsant activity. New 2-substituted-5-(2-benzylthiophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives 129 were designed and synthesized as anticonvulsant agents. The authors found that introduction of an amino group at position 2 of the 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring, and a fluorine substitute at the position of the benzylthio group improves anticonvulsant activity [82], (Figure 7). Rajak and co-workers [83] synthesized and evaluated semicarbazones 130 containing the 1,3,4-oxadiazole units for anticonvulsant potential in a three model test (MES), (scPTZ) and (scSTY). Most of them demonstrated activity VX-770 (Ivacaftor) in every three versions, (Amount 7). We consist of other substances with anticonvulsant activity: 131 [84], 132 [85], 133 [86], 134 [82], 135 [87], 136 [88], 137 [89] (Amount 7). Amount 7 Open up in another screen 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles with anticonvulsant activity. 3.3. Anti-inflammatory Activity Some oxadiazole derivatives 138 of ibuprofen which provides the arylpiperazine device at placement 3 from the oxadiazole band were looked into by Manjunatha and co-workers [20] for anti-inflammatory activity using paw edema induced by carrageenan as the technique with sodium diclofenac as the guide. Compounds filled with 4-Cl, 4-NO2, 4-F and 3-Cl groupings were more vigorous than sodium diclofenac, whereas substances with 4-MeO and 2-EtO groupings demonstrated much less activity (Amount 8). Amount 8 Open up in another screen 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles with anti-inflammatory activity. Substances 139 had been synthesized in the anti-inflammatory medication fenbufen and examined for anti-inflammatory activity by carrageenan induced paw edema; sodium diclofenac and fenbufen had been the criteria. The compounds filled with 4-Cl, 4-NO2, 4-F and 4-MeO groupings had been equipotent to fenbufen, as well as the substance using a 3,4-di-MeO group was stronger compared to the fenbufen, and add up to sodium diclofenac [90] (Amount 8). 2-(1-adamantyl)-5-substituted-1,3,4-oxadiazole substances 140 displayed solid dose reliant inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema with >50% inhibition at a focus of 60 mg/kg. The chemical substance using the 3,4-di-MeO group was stronger compared to the indomethacin regular [91], (Amount 8). Burbuliene and co-workers [92] looked into anti-inflammatory activity for 5-[(2-di-substituted diamino-6-methyl-pyrimidin-4-yl)sulphanylmethyl]-3antitumor activity of brand-new Mannich bases. Among the substances studied, substance 152 demonstrated potent activity against melanoma (UACC-62), and lung (NCI-460) cell lines with GI50 beliefs of 0.88 and 1.01 mmol/L, respectively, (Figure 10). Liu and co-workers [103] synthesized and reported the anti-proliferative and EGFR inhibition properties of some 2-(benzylthio)-5-aryloxadiazole derivatives. Substance 153 demonstrated potent natural activity (IC50 = 1.09 M for MCF-7, and IC50 = 1.51 M for EGFR) (Amount 10). Co-workers and Ouyang [104], and Tuma and co-workers [105] synthesized and examined several 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives concerning their capability to inhibit tubulin polymerization and stop the mitotic department of tumor cells. Substances 154 and 155 exhibited powerful activity. research of substance 154 indicated that at nano-concentrations it.5-LO inhibitors have therapeutic prospect of the treating inflammatory procedures. using ampicillin as the medication regular. The substances 4-[5-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]benzenamine (104), and 3-[5-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]methyl-2-2-[2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino]benzyl-6-iodoquinazolin-4(3H)-one (105) had been respectively 2 and 5 situations stronger than ampicillin (Amount 5). 2,5-Disubstituted oxadiazole substances 106 (Amount 5) filled with the acetyl group constantly in place 3 from the oxadiazole band had been synthesized and examined against two strains of bacterias, and and bacterial; and as well as the tests demonstrated activities that have been approximately add up to the typical medications of treatment streptomycin and griseofulvin, respectively, [67] (Amount 5). Sangshetti and co-workers [68] looked into the antifungal activity of several disubstituted oxadiazoles 109 (Amount 5), each which included a triazole device at placement Rabbit Polyclonal to FGF23 5 from the oxadiazole band. VX-770 (Ivacaftor) The types of fungi examined had been [69] (Amount 5). Various other oxadiazole substances with antibacterial activity are: 114 [70], 115 [71], 116 [72], 117 [13], 118 [73], 119 [24], 120 [74], 121 [75] and 122 [76] (Amount 5). Amount 5 Open up in another screen Disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles with antibacterial and antifungal activity. The chemical substance 2-(2-naphthyloxymethyl)-5-phenoxymethyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole (123) exhibitsanti-mycobacterial activity at the very least inhibitory focus of 6.25 g/mL (Figure 6) [77]. Anti-mycobacterial activity against H37RV was also examined by Kumar and co-workers [40] for some di-substituted oxadiazoles 124 filled with the thiazole device. The derivative filled with the Cl group exhibited positive results at the very least inhibitory focus of 4 g/mL (Amount 6). Yoshida and co-workers [78] defined the synthesis and marketing of anti-activity for a fresh group of cephem derivatives. Substance 125 exhibited anti (13001 and FP1757) activity at the very least inhibitory focus of 0.1 g/mL. Bakal and Gattani [79] looked into anti-tubercular activity for some 2,5-disubstituted oxadiazoles against H337Rv. Substance 126 using a MIC50 = 0.04 0.01 M was comparable with Isoniazid. Substance 127 was 7.3-fold more vigorous against H37Rv, and 10.3-fold more vigorous against INH resistant than Isoniazid (Amount 6) [80]. Amount 6 Open up in another screen 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles with anti-mycobacterial activity. 3.2. Anticonvulsant Activity New 3-[5-(4-substituted)-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl]-2-styrylquinazoline-4(3H)-one oxadiazoles 128 had been synthesized and examined by Kashaw and co-workers [81] (Amount 7) for anticonvulsant activity. New 2-substituted-5-(2-benzylthiophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives 129 had been designed and synthesized as anticonvulsant realtors. The authors discovered that introduction of the amino group at placement 2 from the 1,3,4-oxadiazole band, and a fluorine alternative at the positioning from the benzylthio group increases anticonvulsant activity [82], (Physique 7). Rajak and co-workers [83] synthesized and evaluated semicarbazones 130 made up of the 1,3,4-oxadiazole models for anticonvulsant potential in a three model test (MES), (scPTZ) and (scSTY). Most of them showed activity in all three models, (Physique 7). We include other compounds with anticonvulsant activity: 131 [84], 132 [85], 133 [86], 134 [82], 135 [87], 136 [88], 137 [89] (Physique 7). Physique 7 Open in a separate windows 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles with anticonvulsant activity. 3.3. Anti-inflammatory Activity A series of oxadiazole derivatives 138 of ibuprofen which contains the arylpiperazine unit at position 3 of the oxadiazole ring were investigated by Manjunatha and co-workers [20] for anti-inflammatory activity using paw edema induced by carrageenan as the method with sodium diclofenac as the reference. Compounds made up of 4-Cl, 4-NO2, 4-F and 3-Cl groups were more active than sodium diclofenac, whereas compounds with 4-MeO and 2-EtO groups showed less activity (Physique 8). Physique 8 Open in a separate windows 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles with anti-inflammatory activity. Compounds 139 were synthesized from your anti-inflammatory drug fenbufen and evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity by carrageenan induced paw edema; sodium diclofenac and fenbufen were the requirements. The compounds made up of 4-Cl, 4-NO2, 4-F and 4-MeO groups were equipotent to fenbufen, and the compound.Combretastatin-A4 is the most potent of natural combretastatins. and MTCC 1688) using ampicillin as the drug standard. The compounds 4-[5-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]benzenamine (104), and 3-[5-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]methyl-2-2-[2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino]benzyl-6-iodoquinazolin-4(3H)-one (105) were respectively 2 and 5 occasions more potent than ampicillin (Physique 5). 2,5-Disubstituted oxadiazole compounds 106 (Physique 5) made up of the acetyl group in position 3 of the oxadiazole ring were synthesized and evaluated against two strains of bacteria, and and bacterial; and and The tests showed activities which were approximately equal to the standard drugs of treatment streptomycin and griseofulvin, respectively, [67] (Physique 5). Sangshetti and co-workers [68] investigated the antifungal activity of a number of disubstituted oxadiazoles 109 (Physique 5), each of which contained a triazole unit at position 5 of the oxadiazole ring. The species of fungi tested were [69] (Physique 5). Other oxadiazole compounds with antibacterial activity are: 114 [70], 115 [71], 116 [72], 117 [13], 118 [73], 119 [24], 120 [74], 121 [75] and 122 [76] (Physique 5). Physique 5 Open in a separate windows Disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles with antibacterial and antifungal activity. The compound 2-(2-naphthyloxymethyl)-5-phenoxymethyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole (123) exhibitsanti-mycobacterial activity at a minimum inhibitory concentration of 6.25 g/mL (Figure 6) [77]. Anti-mycobacterial activity against H37RV was also analyzed by Kumar and co-workers [40] for a series of di-substituted oxadiazoles 124 made up of the thiazole unit. The derivative made up of the Cl group exhibited excellent results at a minimum inhibitory concentration of 4 g/mL (Physique 6). Yoshida and co-workers [78] explained the synthesis and optimization of anti-activity for a new series of cephem derivatives. Compound 125 VX-770 (Ivacaftor) exhibited anti (13001 and FP1757) activity at a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.1 g/mL. Bakal and Gattani [79] investigated anti-tubercular activity for a series of 2,5-disubstituted oxadiazoles against H337Rv. Compound 126 with a MIC50 = 0.04 0.01 M was comparable with Isoniazid. Compound 127 was 7.3-fold more active against H37Rv, and 10.3-fold more active against INH resistant than Isoniazid (Determine 6) [80]. Physique 6 Open in a separate windows 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles with anti-mycobacterial activity. 3.2. Anticonvulsant Activity New 3-[5-(4-substituted)-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl]-2-styrylquinazoline-4(3H)-one oxadiazoles 128 were synthesized and evaluated by Kashaw and co-workers [81] (Physique 7) for anticonvulsant activity. New 2-substituted-5-(2-benzylthiophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives 129 had been designed and synthesized as anticonvulsant real estate agents. The authors discovered that introduction of the amino group at placement 2 from the 1,3,4-oxadiazole band, and a fluorine alternative at the positioning from the benzylthio group boosts anticonvulsant activity [82], (Shape 7). Rajak and co-workers [83] synthesized and examined semicarbazones 130 including the 1,3,4-oxadiazole products for anticonvulsant potential inside a three model check (MES), (scPTZ) and (scSTY). Many of them demonstrated activity in every three versions, (Shape 7). We consist of other substances with anticonvulsant activity: 131 [84], 132 [85], 133 [86], 134 [82], 135 [87], 136 [88], 137 [89] (Shape 7). Shape 7 Open up in another home window 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles with anticonvulsant activity. 3.3. Anti-inflammatory Activity Some oxadiazole derivatives 138 of ibuprofen which provides the arylpiperazine device at placement 3 from the oxadiazole band were looked into by Manjunatha and co-workers [20] for anti-inflammatory activity using paw edema induced by carrageenan as the technique with sodium diclofenac as the research. Compounds including 4-Cl, 4-NO2, 4-F and 3-Cl organizations were more vigorous than sodium diclofenac, whereas substances with 4-MeO and 2-EtO organizations demonstrated much less activity (Shape 8). Shape 8 Open up in another home window 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles with anti-inflammatory activity. Substances 139 had been synthesized through the anti-inflammatory medication fenbufen and examined for anti-inflammatory activity by carrageenan induced paw edema; sodium diclofenac and fenbufen had been the specifications. The compounds including 4-Cl, 4-NO2, 4-F and 4-MeO organizations had been equipotent to fenbufen, as well as the substance having a 3,4-di-MeO group was stronger compared to the fenbufen, and add up to sodium diclofenac [90] (Shape 8). 2-(1-adamantyl)-5-substituted-1,3,4-oxadiazole substances 140 displayed solid dose reliant.The authors discovered that introduction of the amino group at position 2 from the 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring, and a fluorine substitute at the positioning from the benzylthio group improves anticonvulsant activity [82], (Figure 7). Rajak and co-workers [83] synthesized and evaluated semicarbazones 130 containing the 1,3,4-oxadiazole products for anticonvulsant potential inside a 3 model check (MES), (scPTZ) and (scSTY). had been respectively 2 and 5 moments stronger than ampicillin (Shape 5). 2,5-Disubstituted oxadiazole substances 106 (Shape 5) including the acetyl group constantly in place 3 from the oxadiazole band had been synthesized and examined against two strains of bacterias, and and bacterial; and as well as the tests demonstrated activities that have been approximately add up to the standard medicines of treatment streptomycin and griseofulvin, respectively, [67] (Shape 5). Sangshetti and co-workers [68] looked into the antifungal activity of several disubstituted oxadiazoles 109 (Shape 5), each which included a triazole device at placement 5 from the oxadiazole band. The varieties of fungi examined had been [69] (Shape 5). Additional oxadiazole substances with antibacterial activity are: 114 [70], 115 [71], 116 [72], 117 [13], 118 [73], 119 [24], 120 [74], 121 [75] and 122 [76] (Shape 5). Shape 5 Open up in another home window Disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles with antibacterial and antifungal activity. The chemical substance 2-(2-naphthyloxymethyl)-5-phenoxymethyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole (123) exhibitsanti-mycobacterial activity at the very least inhibitory focus of 6.25 g/mL (Figure 6) [77]. Anti-mycobacterial activity against H37RV was also researched by Kumar and co-workers [40] for some di-substituted oxadiazoles 124 including the thiazole device. The derivative including the Cl group exhibited positive results at the very least inhibitory focus of 4 g/mL (Shape 6). Yoshida and co-workers [78] referred to the synthesis and marketing of anti-activity for a fresh group of cephem derivatives. Substance 125 exhibited anti (13001 and FP1757) activity at the very least inhibitory focus of 0.1 g/mL. Bakal and Gattani [79] looked into anti-tubercular activity for some 2,5-disubstituted oxadiazoles against H337Rv. Substance 126 having a MIC50 = 0.04 0.01 M was comparable with Isoniazid. Substance 127 was 7.3-fold more vigorous against H37Rv, and 10.3-fold more vigorous against INH resistant than Isoniazid (Shape 6) [80]. Shape 6 Open up in another home window 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles with anti-mycobacterial activity. 3.2. Anticonvulsant Activity New 3-[5-(4-substituted)-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl]-2-styrylquinazoline-4(3H)-one oxadiazoles 128 had been synthesized and examined by Kashaw and co-workers [81] (Shape 7) for anticonvulsant activity. New 2-substituted-5-(2-benzylthiophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives 129 had been designed and synthesized as anticonvulsant real estate agents. The authors found that introduction of an amino group at position 2 of the 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring, and a fluorine substitute at the position of the benzylthio group enhances anticonvulsant activity [82], (Number 7). Rajak and co-workers [83] synthesized and evaluated semicarbazones 130 comprising the 1,3,4-oxadiazole devices for anticonvulsant potential inside a three model test (MES), (scPTZ) and (scSTY). Most of them showed activity in all three models, (Number 7). We include other compounds with anticonvulsant activity: 131 [84], 132 [85], 133 [86], 134 [82], 135 [87], 136 [88], 137 [89] (Number 7). Number 7 Open in a separate windowpane 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles with anticonvulsant activity. 3.3. Anti-inflammatory Activity A series of oxadiazole derivatives 138 of ibuprofen which contains the arylpiperazine unit at position 3 of the oxadiazole ring were investigated by Manjunatha and co-workers [20] for anti-inflammatory activity using paw edema induced by carrageenan as the method with sodium diclofenac as the research. Compounds comprising 4-Cl, 4-NO2, 4-F and 3-Cl organizations were more active than sodium diclofenac, whereas compounds with 4-MeO and 2-EtO organizations showed less activity (Number 8). Number 8 Open in a separate windowpane 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles with anti-inflammatory activity. Compounds 139 were synthesized from your anti-inflammatory drug fenbufen and evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity by carrageenan induced paw edema; sodium diclofenac and fenbufen were the requirements. The compounds comprising 4-Cl, 4-NO2, 4-F and 4-MeO organizations were equipotent to fenbufen, and the compound having a 3,4-di-MeO group was more potent than the fenbufen, and equal to sodium diclofenac [90] (Number 8). 2-(1-adamantyl)-5-substituted-1,3,4-oxadiazole compounds 140 displayed strong dose dependent inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema with >50% inhibition at a concentration of 60 mg/kg. The compound with the 3,4-di-MeO group was more potent than the indomethacin standard [91], (Number 8). Burbuliene and co-workers [92] investigated.